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Native Node Modules

Native Node.js modules are supported by Electron, but since Electron has a different application binary interface (ABI) from a given Node.js binary (due to differences such as using Chromium's BoringSSL instead of OpenSSL), the native modules you use will need to be recompiled for Electron. Otherwise, you will get the following class of error when you try to run your app:

Error: The module '/path/to/native/module.node'
was compiled against a different Node.js version using
NODE_MODULE_VERSION $XYZ. This version of Node.js requires
NODE_MODULE_VERSION $ABC. Please try re-compiling or re-installing
the module (for instance, using `npm rebuild` or `npm install`).

How to install native modules​

There are several different ways to install native modules:

Installing modules and rebuilding for Electron​

You can install modules like other Node projects, and then rebuild the modules for Electron with the @electron/rebuild package. This module can automatically determine the version of Electron and handle the manual steps of downloading headers and rebuilding native modules for your app. If you are using Electron Forge, this tool is used automatically in both development mode and when making distributables.

For example, to install the standalone @electron/rebuild tool and then rebuild modules with it via the command line:

npm install --save-dev @electron/rebuild

# Every time you run "npm install", run this:
./node_modules/.bin/electron-rebuild

# If you have trouble on Windows, try:
.\node_modules\.bin\electron-rebuild.cmd

For more information on usage and integration with other tools such as Electron Packager, consult the project's README.

Using npm​

By setting a few environment variables, you can use npm to install modules directly.

For example, to install all dependencies for Electron:

# Electron's version.
export npm_config_target=1.2.3
# The architecture of your machine
export npm_config_arch=x64
export npm_config_target_arch=x64
# Download headers for Electron.
export npm_config_disturl=https://electronjs.org/headers
# Tell node-pre-gyp that we are building for Electron.
export npm_config_runtime=electron
# Tell node-pre-gyp to build module from source code.
export npm_config_build_from_source=true
# Install all dependencies, and store cache to ~/.electron-gyp.
HOME=~/.electron-gyp npm install

Manually building for Electron​

If you are a developer developing a native module and want to test it against Electron, you might want to rebuild the module for Electron manually. You can use node-gyp directly to build for Electron:

cd /path-to-module/
HOME=~/.electron-gyp node-gyp rebuild --target=1.2.3 --arch=x64 --dist-url=https://electronjs.org/headers
  • HOME=~/.electron-gyp changes where to find development headers.
  • --target=1.2.3 is the version of Electron.
  • --dist-url=... specifies where to download the headers.
  • --arch=x64 says the module is built for a 64-bit system.

Manually building for a custom build of Electron​

To compile native Node modules against a custom build of Electron that doesn't match a public release, instruct npm to use the version of Node you have bundled with your custom build.

npm rebuild --nodedir=/path/to/src/out/Default/gen/node_headers

Troubleshooting​

If you installed a native module and found it was not working, you need to check the following things:

  • When in doubt, run @electron/rebuild first.
  • Make sure the native module is compatible with the target platform and architecture for your Electron app.